An Epidemiology Of Two Diseases Health And Social Care Essay

Tuberculosis is an infective disease that is considered as one of the greatest slayer of all clip which is caused by bacteriums whose scientific name is Mycobacterium TB besides known as Koch ‘s B. Tuberculosis is characterized by the formation of tubercles on the lungs and other tissues of the organic structure. Harmonizing to the Health Protection Agency, TB normally causes disease in the lungs ( pneumonic ) , but can besides impact other parts of the organic structure ( extra-pulmonary ) . Merely the pneumonic signifier of TB disease is infective. Transmission occurs through coughing of infective droplets, and normally requires drawn-out close contact with an infective instance. Terbium is curable with a combination of specific antibiotics, but intervention must be continued for at least six months The Health Protection Agency is one of the bureaus that are involved in advancing the wellness of persons that are affected by the disease. The wellness protection bureau intends to advance the riddance of TB in England by the support of the National Health Services and the Department of Health by developing a BCG ( Bacillus Calmette-Guerin ) Immunisation Programme. The marks of this programme are the persons who are at great hazard of geting the disease such as babes and older peoples who are most likely easy affected by the disease. Lung malignant neoplastic disease is the most common malignant neoplastic disease in the universe but it is one of the most preventable types of malignant neoplastic disease. Nine out of 10 people who have lung malignant neoplastic disease are caused by smoking but some people who are non non-smokers are besides affected. Many people believed that lung malignant neoplastic disease can non be treated but it can merely by descrying its early marks such as relentless cough for two hebdomads, repeated chest infection, relentless thorax or shoulder strivings, weight loss, declining cough, and fatigue or loss of energy. On the study of BBC News Network UK, it says that West Scotland has the highest rate of people diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease than those people populating in the remainder of United Kingdom because smoking rates are 5 % higher in Scotland than the remainder of the UK, said Professor David Forman of Leeds University. The National wellness services said that the most effectual manner of forestalling lung malignant neoplastic disease is to non smoke or if you have been smoking and have serious wellness conditions better quit smoking every bit early as possible. In order to understate the rate of lung malignant neoplastic disease in the state the National Health Services have come up with a programme called, Go Smoke Free Programme, this programme is intended to assist those people to discontinue smoke and it besides provides free group or one on one support from trained advisers, and entree to four hebdomads nicotine replacing therapy. It is besides suggested by the National Health Services that a diet rich in fruits and veggies and regular exercising can cut down the hazard of holding lung malignant neoplastic disease ( http: //www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Cancer-of-the-lung/Pages/Prevention.aspx ) .Epidemiology OF THE TWO DISEASES:TUBERCULOSIS EPIDEMIOLOGYFigure 1. Tuberculosis instance studies and rate s by age group and sex, UK, 2008hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hpa.org.uk/web/HPAweb & A ; HPAwebStandard/HPAweb_C/1225268898745 The figure shows the instances of TB by rate and age of male and female in the United Kingdom by the twelvemonth 2008. It is noticeable in the graph that between the ages zero to twenty nine the instances of TB is bit by bit increasing. It besides shows that from the ages runing from 0-4, 10-14, and 15-19 the figure of female instances are higher than the figure of male instances which indicates that these age groups are easy transmitted by TB but it shows that the lowest instance of TB is from the age of 90 and above because nowadays lifetime alterations and there are few who are able to last at this age. From ages between 30-89 old ages old the Numberss of male and female instances of TB were diminishing from about 680 instances down to 5 Numberss of instances. In footings of rate, the figure shows that the highest rates were in immature grownups and these rates shows that males are more prone to TB than females. Higher rates were besides seen in persons aged 75-90 old ages because that at this age their immune system is weaker than the younger aged that is why the disease can be easy transmitted.LUNG CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGYhypertext transfer protocol: //info.cancerresearchuk.org/cancerstats/types/lung/incidence/uk-lung-cancer-incidence-statistics The figure shows the Numberss of new instances and age specific incidence rate between male and female diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease in the UK in the twelvemonth 2006. Lung malignant neoplastic disease is seldom diagnosed below 30 old ages of age. The figure shows that get downing from the age of 40 until the age of 70 nine the figure of instances between male and female diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease are invariably increasing as the figure of rate in male and female per 100,000 population additions but at the age between 79-85 the figure of instances were diminishing from about 4,500 instances to 2,000 instances. It is besides noticed in the figure that the figure of instances and rate of people diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease are higher in male than in female of all age groups.APPROACHES AND STRATEGIESTobacco is the individual largest preventable cause of malignant neoplastic disease in the universe today. It causes 80 %  œ 90 % of all lung malignant neoplastic disease deceases and about 30 % of all malignant neoplastic disease deceases in the development states. A comprehensive scheme including prohibitions on baccy merchandises, advertisement and sponsorship, increased revenue enhancement on baccy merchandises and surcease programmes can cut down baccy ingestion in many states. In Addition, In order to understate the rate of incidence of lung malignant neoplastic disease in the state it is besides of import that wellness professionals would inform the people in the community about the side consequence of smoking to the wellness and good being of single such as developing tummy ulcers, decreased circulation of blood flow to the appendages like the fingers and toes, the hazard of developing upper respiratory piece of land infections would be increased, and developing different sorts of malignant neoplastic diseases. Another important attack to command the incidence of increasing rate of malignant neoplastic disease more specifically lung malignant neoplastic disease is the alteration of diet. Low fat high fiber diet can assist cut down the hazard of developing certain sorts of malignant neoplastic disease. Regular exercising and care of normal organic structure weight along with a healthy diet will assist understate the happening of malignant neoplastic disease. National policies and programmes should besides be implemented to raise consciousness and cut down exposure to malignant neoplastic disease hazard factors that people are provided with the information and back up them in order to follow a healthy life style.INVESTIGATE CURRENT PRIORITIES AND APPROACHES TO THE PROVISION OF SERVICESSince smoke is one of the major causes of lung malignant neoplastic disease and it is evitable the National Health Services developed a programme called â€Å" Go Smoke Free † Programme, this programme he lps persons who are tobacco users to actuate themselves to discontinue smoke by supplying one to one or group support. The â€Å" Go Smoke Free † Programme identifies the benefits of non smoking and helps people in bettering their wellness like cut downing the hazard of certain unwellness, disablement or disease caused by malignant neoplastic disease, bosom disease, and lung diseases ( hypertext transfer protocol: //smokefree.nhs.uk/why-go-smokefree/quit-smoking-and-start-living/ ) .

Crime? What crime? Essay

1) Is killing anyone ever justifiable? What if it is out of self defense? Does Raskolnikov really care that he murdered Alyona or is he just afraid of the punishment? 2) Are there people who are above the law? Should there be? 3) What are some themes in the novel? How do they relate to a character? Some themes in the novel are alienation from society, nihilism, and the idea of the superhuman. All three themes are related through Raskolnikov’s ideology that some human are better than others. His alienation from society stems from his pride and his inferior view of others. Nihilism is the philosophical view that Raskolnikov adopts; its beliefs are that moral decisions should be made based on what grants the largest amount of people the most happiness. He also uses his belief of nihilism to justify killing Alyona because her death would allow Lizaveta freedom and happiness. The idea of the superhuman is that some people are extraordinary and most are ordinary; where the extraordinary are above all laws and the ordinary are not. In the novel, all three of the themes beliefs are used by Raskolnikov to justify his plans of murder and the actual murder itself. This mindset is what enables Raskolnikov to lose his humanity and consider taking a life for the â€Å"greater† good. â€Å"‘Crime? What crime? †¦ My killing a loathsome, harmful louse, a filthy old moneylender woman†¦ and you call that a crime? ‘† From the context of these lines the reader can infer that Raskolnikov believes he is above the law and did society a service by getting rid of a malicious old lady. These beliefs eventually cause inner turmoil with in Raskolnikov and lead him into a half-delirium state of mind. 4) What is the primary purpose of the novel? Is the purpose important or meaningful? The primary purpose of the novel is to reinforce the ideas to the readers that regardless of philosophy true guilt is inescapable and truly great people will lift humanity up, not leave it behind. An example of inescapable guilt can be seen in Raskolnikov’s reaction to Nastasya’s telling him that the beatings he thought he heard was blood â€Å"‘Blood? What blood?†¦ ‘ he murmured, turning pale and backing away against the wall. † His reaction to this suggests that he is no longer thinking he is superior to anyone and that he fears everyone suspects him for the murders already. Sonya is a good example of a great person because even though Raskolnikov has committed such a heinous crime she is willing to look past it and be the one who saves him. In life, people are taught their right from their wrongs and are punished to discourage bad behavior. Generally, when people are punished for anything they will not do it a second time for fear of the punishment that awaits their misdeed. Parents are models for their children to grow up well. They are the ones who will lift humanity up by teaching their kids to live in harmony with others. The purpose of the novel is an important one it is non-discriminatory and it is true that people who believe in humanity and try to see past its flaws will make humans a better race. 5) What is the role of family and community in this novel? 6) What is important about the title? Is there a reference in the novel that explains the title? Is there a reason we sometimes use that phrase to describe the criminal-justice system? 7) What are the conflicts in Crime and Punishment? What types of conflict (physical, moral, intellectual, or emotional) did you notice in the novel? 8) How does Fyodor Dostoevsky reveal character in Crime and Punishment? 9) Is Raskolnikov consistent in his actions? Is he a fully developed character? 10) Compare the major female characters: Sonya, Dunya, and Katerina Ivanovna. Do you think they are well-rounded characters or stereotypes? How does each figure in Raskolnikov’s actions? Part Three: 1) the basis for and the impact of individual choices 2) human isolation and its effect on the individual < 3) how a new perspective influences an individual’s interpretation of the world 4) the ways in which individuals pursue or compromise their happiness 5) the interplay between fear and foresight when individuals make life altering choices Thesis: In Crime and Punishment, isolation is used as a means to evade the inferiority of society, cause insanity, and pursue one’s full potential. Argument 1: Raskolnikov’s alienation from society allows him to become overly prideful. Example: â€Å"So absorbed in himself had he grown, so isolated from everyone else, that he was actually afraid of meeting anyone at all† Explanation: By depriving himself of human interaction, Raskolnikov makes rejoining society a hard task to accomplish. Since his thoughts were the only ones he heard he became prideful and believed himself to be a genius. Argument 2: By choosing to be isolated from society Raskolnikov opens himself up to having abstract and inhuman thoughts. Example: â€Å"‘I plan to attempt a thing like this, yet I allow that kind of rubbish to scare me. ‘† Explanation: Raskolnikov’s thoughts begin to become muddled as a direct result of his alienation from society. When nihilism is introduced to him, he instantly agrees because it is in support of his isolated lifestyle, which leads him to believe his thoughts are going to be what lifts up the human race. Argument 3: In his efforts to distance himself from society, Raskolnikov is destroying his chance at happiness and quality of life. Example: â€Å"His vital interests no longer concerned him; he did not even wish to think about them. † Explanation: Through using isolation to create happiness for himself, Raskolnikov, deteriorates the quality of his life and destroys his chance at happiness by constantly fighting his conscience; which causes his mind to enter a half-delirious. Conclusion: Keith Henson once said â€Å"People can undergo a sudden change of thinking and loyalties under threat of death or intense social pressure and isolation from friends and family. â€Å"

Activities of Youth for Environment in Schools Essay

Background of the Study Pursuant to its promising mission and vision, the Department of Education (DepEd) for years, has been implementing and adhering numerous means and methods to improve and empower the quality of education in the Philippines: be it a new alternative teaching method or a new policy that shall formalize education or any possible way. One of the DepEd’s accredited organizations is the Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O) with the mission: to preserve and conserve our natural resources through environmental awareness of the community resulting in their active involvement on environmentally-related issues to achieve sustainable development and to protect mother nature; and vision: the Youth for Environment in Schools-Organization as an effective and respective school- based environmental organization linked with the agencies/ institutions for conservation and preservation of natural resources towards sustainable development. (DepEd Region V) Article XVIII: Mandated Projects and Activities of Youth for Environment in Schools-Organization’s Constitutions and By-Laws for School Year 2010-2011 includes the projects and activities that YES-O should implement through the School Year 2010-2011. The study aims to determine whether the activities and projects stated in Article XVIII of YES-O by-laws has been implemented throughout the school year 2010-2011. Specific Questions: 1. What is the mission and vision of YES-O in the Bicol Regional Science High School for the School Year 2010-2011? 2. What are the projects, programs and activities implemented by Youth for Environment in Schools Organization as indicated on their accomplishment report or year-end reports in accordance of Article XVIII: Mandated Projects and activities? 3. Which among their projects, programs and activities in accordance to the mission and vision indicated in the Article XVIII which is not implemented? 4. What are the factors affecting the implementation of Article XVIII of Mandated projects and Activities? Significance of the Study The Article XVIII: Mandated Projects and Activities which is stated in YES-O By-Laws states that the Youth for environment in Schools- Organization shall be required to implement, conduct or attend the following programs, projects, and activities; namely, clean-up drives, waste management, segregation and recycling, awareness campaigns, symposia or training, nursery establishment, tree planting activities, fun run and Youth for environment Summer Camp. Through this, the researchers will analyze the year-end report of YES-O in BRSHS school year 2010-2011 to determine whether all the mandated projects and activities stated in Article XVIII of YES-O by- Laws were implemented through the school year. Teachers, students, officers of Youth for Environment Schools- Organization and other organization will be benefited with this study through the improvements of their projects and activities. Also, through this study the researchers will be able to determine the factor that affects the implementation of the projects and activities. With this, other organizations including YES-O would have solutions to those factors and can have better improvements with their programs and activities. Scope and Limitations The study will only focus on the implementation of Article XVIII: Mandated Projects and Activities of Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O) of Bicol Regional Science High School (BRSHS) through the school year 2010-2011. The study aims to determine whether all the mandated projects and activities stated in Article XVIII was implemented by YES- O through the school year 2010-2011. Also, the study aims to determine the factors affecting the implementation of Article XVIII of YES-O by-laws. Conceptual Framework Article XVIII Mandated Projects and Activities The Youth for Environment I Schools- Organization (YES-O) shall be required to implement, conduct or attend the following programs, projects and activities; namely, clean-up drives, waste management, segregation and recycling, awareness campaigns, symposia or training, nursery establishments, tree- planting activities, fun run and Youth for Environment Summer Camp. Vision The Youth for environment in Schools organization as n effective and respective school-based environmental organization linked with the other agencies/ institutions for conservation and preservation of natural resources towards sustainable development. Mission To preserve and conserve our natural resources through environmental awareness of the community resulting in their active involvement on environmentally related issues to achieve sustainable development and to protect mother nature. Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature and Studies The Department of Education (DepEd), the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), and the Technological Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA), in coordination with OCD, the National Youth Commission (NYC), the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), the DILG- BFP, the Department of Health (DOH), the Department of Social Welfare Development (DSWD), and other relevant agencies, shall integrate disaster risk reduction and management education in the school curricula of secondary and tertiary levels of education including the National Service Training Program (NSTP), whether private and public, including formal and non-formal, technical-vocational, indigenous learning and out-of-school youth congress and programs. (Sandra C. Velacruz,2011) It is important to put a prime on disaster risk reduction and management. When our systems are efficient, it increases and enhances human security. Republic Act No. 10121 also known as the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) of 2010 strengthens the Philippine disaster risk reduction and management framework, institutionalizes the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRM), and appropriate funds for the use of its implementers. It calls for the development of a framework that taps the different sectors, agencies, and communities that will address disaster risk reduction and management concerns. (Sandra C. Velacruz, 2011) The Department of Education (DepEd), in partnership with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), establishes the Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O) as the only recognized co-curricular environment club or organization in the school with the main and primary programs or projects for the environment on ecology in the said organization. (DepEd, 2003) The Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O) is the youth arm of both Department of Education (DepEd) and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) to heighten pupils and students’ participation and action towards environment protection and conservation at the school level. As a co-curricular organization, it shall implement programs, projects, and activities that address various environmental issues and concerns such as global warming, climate change adaptation, deforestation, watershed protection, disaster risk reduction, among others. (Yolanda S. Quijano, 2010) The Regional and Division Education Supervisors in Science, as Regional and Division coordinator respectively, shall lead, coordinate and monitor the conduct of activities pertinent to the Youth for Environment in Schools Organization in the respective areas of jurisdiction. The Science Department Head/ Coordinator and Teacher, herein designated as School –based Moderator respectively, shall lead operate the Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O) activities in the school level with the guidance of School Head/ Principal. (Edilberto C. De Jesus, 2003) In view of the increasing global concerns for environmental action against threats to mother earth and consequent need to consolidate all efforts in safeguarding, protecting, and conserving the environment, and pursuant to the Department of Education order No. 72, s. 2003 on the establishment of the Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O), the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) is announcing the Thrusts and Activities of the Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O). (Vilma L. Labrador, 2007) The Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O) on its partnership with concerned government and non- government organizations undertake tree planting and growing, awareness campaigns and symposia on Environmental Issues and Actions, Outreach programs, Waste management, Segregation, Recycling and Entrepreneurship programs, watershed Protectin and Conservation, Environmental/ Science Camps. (Vilma L. Labrador, 2007) The Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O) which is one of the Department of Education accredited organization helps to strengthens the government program concerning global warming, climate change, adaptation, reforestation, watershed protection, and disaster risk reduction. The Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O) is advised to conduct the activities in increasing global concerns for environmental action against threats to our planet in partnership with the government agencies such as the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) . Chapter 3 Methods of Research and Procedures Methods of Research The method of research used in the study is the descriptive method, specifically the content analysis. Content analysis focuses on the documentary materials that shall be analyzed. The documents to be analyzed are the year-end report or the accomplishment report of the Youth for Environment in Schools Organization (YES-O) for the school year 2010-2011. The programs, projects, and activities which were stated in Article XVIII: Mandated Projects and Activities of Youth for Environment in Schools Organization will be the basis for the analysis of the year-end report. The year-end report of the YES-O contains the projects, programs, and activities which were implemented in the school year 2010-2011. Method of Collecting Data and Development of the Research Instrument The researchers will conduct interviews with selected members and non-members of the YES-O and its officers in Bicol Regional Science High School. Interview Schedule will be the instrument to be used during the interview. This will include specific questions on how the YES-O implemented the mandated projects and activities which are stated in Article XVIII of the YES-O Constitution and By- Laws. Sampling Design The study will determine if the programs, projects, and activities stated in Article XVIII of the YES-O Constitution and By-laws for the school year 2010-2011 are implemented through analyzing their year-end report or accomplishment report. The organization has forty-three members, twenty of them will be chosen through random or lottery sampling. This type of probability sampling is used so that everyone in the population has equal chance of being selected to be included in the sample. Since the population has no differentiated levels or classes, pure random sampling is used. The researchers will conduct three separate random samplings for the YES-O members and non- members. The size of the population for the YES-O members is forty- three (43) and the study population is twenty (20). For the non-members of YES-O, the size of population is one hundred thirty- one (131) and the study population will also be twenty (20) and for the officers, the study population is seven (7). Statistical Treatment The researchers conducted an interview with the members, non-members, and officers of the Youth for Environment in Schools- Organization (YES-O). With this, the researchers will use tables and other graphical forms for the interpretation of data as statistical treatment. Interview Schedule 1. Are you aware of the mission and vision of the YES-O? ____ Yes ____ No If yes, what do you think are the mission and vision of the YES-O? 2. What are the projects, programs and activities conducted or implemented by the YES-O that you are aware of? 3. How satisfied are you with the programs and activities of the YES-O for the school year 2010-2011? ___ Very satisfied ___ Satisfied ___ Poorly satisfied ___ Not satisfied 4. Do you think the projects, programs and activities implemented by the YES-O in the school year 2010-2011 would benefit the students, teachers, the school, and other organizations? ___ Yes ___ No 5. What do you think are the benefits of the students, teachers, the school, and other organizations from the implementation of the projects, programs, and activities by the YES-O? 6. What do you think are the factors affecting the implementation of the programs, projects, and activities of the YES-O? Chapter 4 Results and Discussions The study shows the implementation of Article XVIII: Mandated Projects, Programs and Activities of Youth for Environment in Schools Organization in the school year 2010-2011. The researchers had conducted interviews with the members, non-members and officers of the Youth for Environment in Schools Organization to determine if the programs, activities, and projects were implemented throughout the school year 2010-2011. The tables below show the results of the interviews: The interview shows that among the twenty selected members of the YES-O, three are aware of the mission and vision, while seventeen of them are not. On the other hand, four of the twenty non-members are aware of the mission and vision, and sixteen of them are otherwise. Ninety-five percent of the YES-O and non-YES-O members convey that the students, teachers, school and other organizations can be benefitted by the projects, programs, and activities implemented by the YES-O while 5% of the said that there is no benefit. On the other hand, 100% of the YES-O officers say that the students, teachers, school and other organizations can be benefitted by the projects, programs, and activities implemented by the YES-O. From the interviews with the YES-O and non-YES-O members, and the officers of the organization, environmental awareness is the most identified benefit with 15 responses from the members, eight responses from the non-members, and three from the officers. The budget for the projects of the YES-O has the highest number of responses from the members, non-members and officers, with 14, nine and five, respectively. Five YES-O officers also cited the factor of time and schedule. Article XVIII: Mandated Projects and Activities includes clean-up drives, waste management, segregation and recycling, awareness campaigns, symposia or training, nursery establishments, tree-planting activities, fun runs, and the Youth for Science and Technology Environment Camp (YSTEC). In the YES-O accomplishment report for school year 2010-2011, all projects and activities stated in article XVIII are included, except for the waste management, segregation and recycling and nursery establishments. The interview results show that the students are all aware of all the projects and activities stated in article XVIII. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Summary The main purpose of the study is to determine if the projects, programs and activities held by the YES-O is in accordance to Article XVIII: Mandated Projects and Activities of the constitution and by-laws of the YES-O. The method of research used is the descriptive method, specifically the content analysis. Based from the results of the interviews, all the activities stated in Article XVIII, except for waste management, segregation, recycling and nursery establishment are implemented. Conclusion With reference to the results gathered, it can be concluded that the clean-up drives, awareness campaigns, symposia or training, nursery establishment, tree-planting activities, fun run, and Youth for Environment Summer Camp stated in Article XVIII: Mandated Projects and Activities are implemented by the YES-O school year 2010-2011, while the waste management, segregation and recycling and nursery establishment are not implemented based on their constitution and by-laws. Recommendations The researchers recommend that researches on future YES-O year-end reports be conducted in order to strengthen the foundation of this study. The researchers further recommend conducting studies to answer why most students are not aware of the mission and vision of YES-O.

CIS 498 discussions Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CIS 498 discussions - Coursework Example The mind-set and behavioral changes have an impact on an IT leader’s ability to promote change in many ways. IT leaders should have the ability to recognize that there are success and failure patterns of behavior when promoting change. Hence, it becomes easier to observe the reaction of employees when there are changes. Understanding the specific mindset and the behavior associated also ensures that the IT leader has a level of insight on how to deal with employee reactions. Some of the top ten considerations mentioned by Roberts in Chapter 5 which are necessary when IT professionals are evolving into consultants include strategic thinking, active listening, empathy, trust and influence (2011). To achieve all the ten mentioned requirements, IT professionals need to be strategic thinkers, business acumen and know how to interact with others. The most paramount consideration among the ten is trust. IT professionals cannot achieve the ten considerations if he or she is not trustworthy. One strategy for negotiating project scopes without having problems in businesses would be to apply his or her technology expertise to become indispensable in a business. This allows the IT professional to deal with different clients in a business unit with different ideas. Project manager’s skills and training are changing because of new technology and customer preferences. The changes in technology require project managers with new skills. The skills that project managers possessed 10 years ago cannot work in today’s projects. These changes have been advantageous to the business because people now embrace new ideas and products and are willing to spend more on new innovations. Having a project management office is one of the best ways of boosting IT efficiency in an organization. To facilitate the starting of a project management office in my organization, I would be my own project manager but hire a consultancy company which would

What is research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

What is research - Essay Example Research is â€Å"something that people undertake in order to find out things in a systematic way, thereby increasing their knowledge.† An important component of this definition is ‘systematic’, meaning research is approached logically. Research describes, explains, understands, criticizes, and analyzes a subject area. Research is important in business and management. Research must produce practical conclusions leading to better decision-making and/or profit. Managers draw on knowledge developed by other disciplines to aid their work routine, and tend to prefer to conduct research with personal or commercial advantage. In research, combining two knowledge bases sometimes creates a single large knowledge base plus a new one. ‘Basic’ research generates new knowledge and options, whereas ‘applied’ research generates new knowledge with a practical aim. New insights can help change the way business-related activities are conducted. Five research models will be examined: experimental design, cross-sectional surveys, longitudinal design, case studies, and comparative design.Good experimental design is important in producing reliable results. Independent variables should be manipulated to determine how they influence dependent variables. There are several forms of experimental res earch. Classic design is based on manipulation of independent variables, observations made before and after testing an experimental group, and relating observations to the dependent variable ... Qualitative or quantitative data is collected at a single point in time, and is examined for patterns in relation to two or more variables. Longitudinal Design Longitudinal design provides more than one time-point for analysis, and is often used to plan changes in business and management. There are two types of design. A panel study is often a randomly selected national study which collects data from various types of cases at two or more time points. A cohort study is a randomly-selected sample of people who share certain pre-determined characteristics such as birth-date or employment status. Both types are concerned with revealing trends and improving the understanding of causal influences. They also share similar problems. Good planning is essential to provide useful data. Employee and company turn-over may cause sample attrition, and the remaining people may not form a representative group. Continued participation in such studies may influence how respondents behave. Case Studies A case can be an organization, location, person, or event. Stake (1995) observes that case studies are concerned with the complexity and nature of the case in question. There are three types of case study. The critical case is carried out with a clear hypothesis in mind, the unique case is used for clinical studies with a common focus, and the revelatory case is used "when an investigator has an opportunity to observe and analyse a phenomenon previously inaccessible to scientific investigation" (Yin 1984:44) Case studies can be conducted both deductively and inductively and may be linked with qualitative research using tools such as participant observation and unstructured interviews. Comparative Design Comparative design applies similar research methods to

Women Rights Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Women Rights - Research Paper Example A clarification is needed at the beginning; respect for women rights is hardly a universal (Cook, pp.3). However, thanks to numerous women throughout history, women have achieved equal rights in the workplace (O’Connor, pp. 270). Marina Jimenez (2011), a journalist wrote a personal essay stating that she suffered no discrimination at the workplace, for she received numerous assignments, traveled the world and shone in her career. She also elaborates that while she faces a major problem of combining childbearing with career, women have taken great strides in their careers (Jimenez, 2011). In addition, on the eve of the 100th International Women’s Day, different executives were interviewed about whether they faced discrimination at the workplace. According to Shona Nag, she feels that males do try to dominate and cannot absorb the fact that women might be better than they might at work. However, Chavan feels that she has never faced any sort of harassment, except some amo unt of over-protectiveness from men (Mid Day, 2011). Women are an all important source of human talent. This was proved during the Second World War. Although many conferences are held on the gender equality issue, there are various parts of the world, whether there is no concept of ‘equality’. However, it is necessary. Many people feel that there is an urgent need for a better social welfare system for women. This is mainly because of economic dependence and an inappropriate pay structure for the women. Women are the backbone of the society.

Dis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Dis - Assignment Example The Act was originally passed in 1933 as a means to allow the federal government to provide much needed assistance to farmers in the form of payments to them in exchange for certain agreements that would have them lint their acreage or production in the areas of wheat, cotton, rice, tobacco, corn, hogs, and numerous dairy products. The payments themselves were to be financed on taxes that would be imposed on processors. It was those taxes that were collected that would then be sent directly to the farmers in exchange for their promise not to grow any more food. One major processor, Butler, refused to pay the tax on the grounds that is was seen as a way of transferring wealth from one person to another. The Supreme Court eventually sided with Butler, making the Act unconstitutional. Congress immediately set to work, however, on drafting a new Agricultural Adjustment Act in 1934. This one taxed processors, but then placed the money into the general fund of the federal government. The f amers were then simply paid out of the general fund, again, not to grow food. The Act was legal and was not challenge, exemplifying Roosevelts perseverance in getting provisions of the New Deal passed and declared

Need a teaching paper for a diabetic patient (portion control) Assignment

Need a teaching paper for a diabetic patient (portion control) - Assignment Example Patient education Diabetes type  II is a metabolic disorder that is associated with high blood glucose and lack of insulin or simply insulin deficiency in blood (Ackley & Ladwig, 2013). When it comes to management of diabetes type II, control of blood sugar is usually the central subject matter. After all, when ones level of blood sugar is kept within the target range, it can help him or her to live a healthy life. The main aim of patient education was for M.E. to improve her knowledge, skills and self-assurance, enabling her to take enhanced control of her own condition as well as incorporate effective self-management aspects into her daily lives (Ackley & Ladwig, 2013). This is premised on the fact that high-quality patient education can actually have a profound impact on health outcomes of patients and can drastically enhance quality of life. In particular, this patient education aimed at teaching M.E. on how to keep a balance diet and portion control in away that will help her manage her condition-Diabetes type  II. In this context, my main goal was to promote the health of M.E. and to avert any further outcome associated with the disease. The information that M.E. will receive, will be of great importance in terms of enabling her to make changes in her feeding lifestyle and this will help in controlling her blood glucose within normal or target range. All other aspects associated with her conditions such as, if she had ever confided her condition into anyone, and if anyone has ever told her anything regarding her condition, were revisited before I brought about the topics to be discussed. She openly stated that she had shared a lot with her primary care doctor. In this case nonetheless, I assured her that my aim was simply to provide information that would her manage her condition well in terms of how to keep a balance diet and portion control. My primary teaching material in this case was a handout entailing illustrations and information about diabete s type II disease and the choice was based on the fact that illustrations serves to reinforce the point that has been taught and are easier to understand even for people who are not familiar with it. The first topic to be introduced was what diabetes was and its likely effects on ones body. I began by explaining to her that Diabetes Type II was a condition resulting from the failure of insulin to control to a minimum the level of glucose in blood (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2013). As a result, there is no absorption of glucose to be used by the body cells for the production of energy. Under the causes, I explained to her that the disease is caused by a mixture of genetic and lifestyle factors. Whilst some factors such as diet are under personal control or management, others, such as female gender, genetics and increasing age, are not. This, therefore, led into a discussion on the dangers associated with the disease: the danger of cardiovascular disease, including stroke and ischemic he art disease which are similarly life threatening. The next topic we discussed was what factors lead to Diabetes Type II, such as her Hispanic ethnicity, her old age, lack of physical activity, poor diet and family history of diabetes. Having informed her about all these, I then discussed with her about the things she could do in her daily life to manage her level of blood glucose. Specifically, I advised her to avoid diets that have high content of sugar. However, I emphasized that in as much as healthy eating is a foundation of any diabetes

Research on the composer Handel Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

On the composer Handel - Research Paper Example Not only the uniqueness of his music but peoples attitude and his popularity made him an important figure of the Baroque period. In fact, this period left a significant imprint on his life as well as career, and it can be traced both in his biography and works. First of all, it is Handels biography that shows he is a representative of a period in which he was living. During the Baroque period, there were two main factors that influenced composers and their music: location and money, with the latter being, perhaps, the most important one. In order to be able to compose music and be heard, composers needed patrons who could support and put them forward as well as sponsor them. In life and work of Handel, such sponsors performed a very important role. The first person who influenced Handels future was the Duke of Saxe-Weisenfels. Despite the fact that he did not support the future composer materially, it was he who recognized the fact that music was Handels true mission even though Handels father felt like his son becoming a lawyer. The Duke once said to the composers father, â€Å"for his own part, he could not but consider it is a sort of a crime against the public to rob the world of such a Genius!† (Kivy 40). It was after Handels v isit to the court of Saxe-Weisenfels that he started taking lessons in playing the organ at Friedrich Wilhelm Zachow (Kivy 40-41). Handel traveled a lot and during his traveling he met quite a significant number of influential people, many of whom were charmed by the composers talent. He spent about four years in Italy (1706-1710) as he was invited there by Prince Ferdinando de Medici of Florence. In Italy, Handel enjoyed great attention of music-loving prelates, such as Cardinal Pamphili and Cardinal Ottoboni. Not only they but other representatives of both aristocracy and clergy were eager to invite Handel to perform music at their palaces for they recognized his talent. Among such people were the Hanoverian Prince Ernst

Diversity in the Workplace Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Diversity in the Workplace - Research Paper Example America is viewed as a land of opportunity and that is something to be proud. This is the reason that America has a great deal of cultural diversity in comparison to other countries. â€Å"The workplace is an extremely important juncture where culturally diverse, first generation employees attempt to immerse and make the transition into the American culture† (Botbol, 2012). Cultural diversity in America has affected the environment in the workplace in many positive and some negative ways. Positive effects of cultural diversity in the workplace in America include but are not limited to variety of cultural, social, and religious perspectives, and the resulting competitive advantage for the organizations while the negative effects include interpersonal conflicts, occasional incidents of racism, and increased load of training and education of the employees on the employers. ... of consumers belonging to their respective cultures and religions so that the top management can have a deeper insight into their needs and address them through their products. For example, Indian employees may suggest the top management to provide separate space for families in the restaurant since Indian families like to dine in privacy. On the other hand, Muslim employees can not only make the top management aware of the importance of offering Halal foods at the restaurant because of its value among the Muslim customers, but also suggest various ways in which Halal foods can be made. In addition to that, â€Å"team members with knowledge of multiple languages can be an asset in a internationally based business or in communicating with certain segments of the domestic population† (Feigenbaum, 2012). Cultural diversity provides the employers with the opportunity to use the more talented employees to train and educate the others which proves more economical as compared to outs ourcing the training and educational services. The organization gets most of the knowledge in-house which saves the time, energy, and money of the business-owners. Competitive Advantage Success of an organization depends upon the popularity of its product among the potential consumers’ population. As America has become more and more culturally diversified over the years, so has its workplace and this generates a positive message to the consumers. Consumers feel like buying the product of an organization when they see their representation in the organization’s workforce in terms of similarity of culture, religion, and social values. Recruiting workers belonging to different cultures and religions has enabled the organizations to gain the trust and confidence of the culturally diverse consumers,

Dynamics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Dynamics - Assignment Example Calculate the horizontal and vertical components of the mass. If the shaft rotating at 200RPM, determine the force excreted on the shaft. Ashaft rotating at 500RPM carries masses of A = 3kg, B = 4kg and C = 2kg at distances of 0.9m, 0.7m, and 1.7m from the shaft respectively. The angles of A, B, and C respect to horizontal are 40o, 130o, and 290o respectively. In an Epicyclic gearbox, the Annulus gear â€Å"A† is fixed and the input shaft is connected to the Sun gear â€Å"S† which rotates at 1800RPM. The Sun gear has 60 teeth and there are three planet gears â€Å"P†. The gear ratio between the Sun gear and Planet gear is 2:1.The input power is 45kW and the efficiency is 85%. Sketch a simple arrangement and calculate: Pass: All questions in section A (including all parts) must be attempted and answered. The assessment criteria and the learning outcomes for Pass grade must be met and fundamental understanding must be demonstrated on this assignment. Merit: All questions in section A (including all parts) and question B7 in section B must be answered with reasonable accuracy and with no major errors. A neat presentation and good communication of assignment is essential. The assessment criteria for Pass and Merit grade must be met and knowledge and understanding must be demonstrated on this assignment. Distinction: All questionsin section A and section B (B7 & B8) must be answered fully correct with no errors. All the criteria for Pass, Merit and Distinction must be met. A neat presentation of assignment including any references/ bibliography is essential. All the answers in section B must be synthesised and clearly justified. All the SI units must be clearlyshown in front of calculations, showing full understanding on this

Abortion Case Study Paper Essay Example for Free

Abortion Case Study Paper Essay The case that I chose to discuss is whether it is ethically right or wrong for parents to decide whether or not they wish to keep an unborn child. This essay will address several questions that have been raised as to whether or not an abortion is moral or immoral, and if it were immoral, in what circumstances it would be justified. These are all relevant facts that both physicians and parents have to take into account when they are making their decision. If one would look at this case by the care ethics point of view their main focus would be on the care of the patient. It is important to look at that person and understand their emotional and physical decisions. Care ethics differs from deontology and utilitarianism because care ethics makes the decision based on consideration for the individual instead of making a moral decision impartially. See more: Homeless satire essay If everyone looked at abortion in a care ethic standpoint they would look at the situation by identifying the people involved, the relationships and what the future may be produce. The most important object of the care ethic is that the person judging the other must put the act that he or she must be willing to put another person before him or himself. Whichever result is chosen, it is important to respect one another’s decisions. In the chapters of our text we have been given several different scenarios of abortion. Out of those a few dealt with the care ethic and the choices faced. An article that fully supports my ideas and opinions is Thomson’s â€Å"A Defense of Abortion†. Thomson was very realistic and down to Earth in â€Å"A Defense of Abortion.† She speaks of real life situations when the decision of the mother is taken into consideration; thus providing us an example of the care ethic. I like that Thomson spoke about a territory that not many writers want to speak about. Speaking about the right of life and a mother’s feelings and futures is important to me. The article by Margaret Olivia Little entitled â€Å"The Morality of Abortion† is by far the one that I agree with the most! Philosopher Little believes that the moral status of the fetus is only one aspect of the morality of abortion. She speaks of the relationship in motherhood and the process of creation. The line that I loved the most was â€Å"The pregnant woman has not made the fetus more vulnerable than it would otherwise have been: absent her procreative actions, it wouldn’t have existed at all.† This line alone really explains to me what she is trying to say to people. I am happy that she wrote such a powerful article. While examining the care ethic, it is important to note that if complications are present, a whole new set of ethical issues are opened up. Yet, abortion has been a controversial subject among everybody whether they are involved directly or indirectly, whether they are for it or against it. It is nearly impossible to find someone who doesnt have an opinion about abortion. Both those who favor or oppose abortion make superior arguments to defend their beliefs and views. Personally, I think every last person is entitled to his or her own opinions, beliefs, thoughts, and rights. And yes, women have rights too, and denying women the right to choose abortion in the early stages of fetal development is denying her rights as a US citizen.

Theories underpinning the change process

Theories underpinning the change process The government of Great Britain was experiencing heavy burden of giving subsidies to British Airways (BA), which was accounted for almost $900 million in 1982. Beside subsidies government was also facing immense opposition from Conservative government of owing the business; as they believed, BA to be province appropriate for and should be run by private enterprise. Environmental changes were another issue of concern due to increasing deregulation of international air traffic. Moreover, growing competitions and high varied Air fares were resulting into price wars situation and placing more risk of financial crisis for BA. Indeed there was intense pressure exerted from external environment on BA. The external pressure again imposed very widespread and massive changes to internal environment of organization. The main primary reason behind any organizational changes is due to enforcing external pressure instead need for change or internal desire (Waldbaum, 1987). Considering all these problems and concerns the government of Britain in 1982 decided to privatize BA. For making BA privatize it was essential to make BA profitable organization. This essay analyzes the organizational changes involved in BA by converting to private ownership i.e. transforming BAs culture from bureaucratic and militaristic to service-oriented and market-driven in 5 year period as presented in Fig(1). Diagnose and need for change Fig(1) (Goodstien et al., 1991) Theories underpinning the change process/Methods: TROPICS ANALYSIS: Tropics test can be utilized at very initial stage of any change for understanding the nature of change and deriving optimal solution methodology. It is effective and easy to apply as it requires very minimalistic inputs and less expense considering both time and resources. It is used by management team in giving the starting point and finding the appropriate route for implementing change (Paton McCalman, 2008). On applying tropics fig(2) the change for BA privatization was identified to be at the SOFT side of the spectrum. The few aspects were found to be hard but majority tendency lying on soft side. Considering the outcome of tropics analysis to be on soft side indicates the change process should follow Organization Development model. Factors Tendency towards Time Scales Estimated for 5 years Hard Resources Unclear and Variable Soft Objectives Clearly defined Hard Perceptions Varied and different Soft Interest Widespread among staff and government Soft Control Top management and government Soft Source Originated externally by government Soft Fig(2) (Paton McCalman, 2008). Organizational development is determined as an educational process of continuously identifying, allocating and expanding human resources in a manner for making it more usable to the organization need and hence leading improvement in the problem-solving capabilities (Sherwood, 1972). Organizational change involves three levels of change as shown in fig(3). Each level differs in their pattern of resistance and requires different strategies and methods or techniques for implementing change (Nadler Tushman, 1989). Fig(3) (Goodstien et al., 1991) LEWINS CHANGE MODEL: According to (Lewin, 1951) views, for any behaviour there is dynamic balance of forces running in opposite directions. Like, Driving forces encourage change by pushing workforce in desired direction and restraining forces resist change by pushing workforce in opposite direction. Hence, to understand the problem within the organization it is essential to analyse these forces first and then plan the strategies and goals for moving equilibrium in desired direction (Kritsonis, 2005). FORCE FIELD ANALYSIS Force field analysis is an approach for analysing group behaviour by mapping the complexity and totality of the field in which the behaviour takes place (Back, 1992). By applying the Lewins (1947) field force analysis it is clear that major restraining forces were related to workforce and involves change in human aspects. Driving Forces Restraining Forces Risk of financial crises. Change in work culture Become worlds favourite airlines New management. Become service oriented and market driven. Workforce reduction No subsidies from government by privatizing it. New service nature involving direct customer interaction LEWINS THREE-STEP MODEL: Lewins three-step model of Unfreezing, Moving and Refreezing can direct shift in balancing the direction of planned change (Levin, 1958). An adaptation of model fig(4) in BAs change process was found useful in establishing frameworks of BA change management. Fig(4) (Goodstien et al., 1991) Unfreezing: Unfreezing is the first step of change process and it is about encouraging and motivating people and making readiness to change (Schein, 1987) (Greaves, 1999). (Lewin, 1947) refers that any existing situation or behaviour is under equilibrium state supported by complex field of driving and restraining forces and to incorporate new behaviour the equilibrium need to be destabilized (unfrozen). According to (Robbin, 2003) unfreezing is important in overcoming the strains of group conformity and individual resistance. It can be achieved through three methods: firstly by increasing the driving force that drives behaviour in opposite direction of existing situation, secondly by decreasing the restraining force, finally by finding combination of first two methods. In BAs change process the first step taken in unfreezing was huge reduction in BAs workforce all over the globe. The workforce was cut down to 37,000 from 59,000. The downsizing decision was taken through consensus opinion at all levels within the BA. They believed downsizing will help in decreasing the hierarchy, at the same time giving more liberty to operating staff and easing the management process. The process of staff reduction was not that easy to execute and achieve but the effort was taken to minimise the exertion. The downsizing of staff was done in an optimistic way and with compassion. It was taken through early retirements and by giving incentives and through financial settlements. There were no laid off involved in entire system for downsizing. Interestingly, within a year staff reduction worked positive for BA. The improvement was observed in all performance indices of BA, they had timely departures and arrivals, less complaints of lost baggage etc. According to (Lancaster Lancaster, 1985) the initiated change requires sense of direction and considerable power of leadership. To facilitate patterns of behaviour for stabilizing, evaluating, and monitoring the change, the involvement of strong change agents such as system specialists and top management plays a key role in leading and making successful change process (Rasberry, 1986). With respect to change agent the second major change happened in 1881, there were two new appointments in BAs top management. The chairman of board was replaced by senior British industrialist Lord John King of Wartinbee and Sir Colin Marshall with marketing background, was a new CEO. Marshall being outsider of BAs culture and having marketing experience was able to view different perspective for BAs culture in comparison to its predecessors, who were mainly retired Air Force officers. He played a key role in the success of BAs change process. Marshall after its arrival to BA in short span decided new strategy for BA to become Worlds Favourite Airline. It was his vision and clear understanding that pointed out changes is required in BAs culture. He with his strong leadership skills and great effort executed the change. Many training programs were initiated and executed to support the unfreezing process. The main focus was on Putting People First. The training program was mainly dealt with customer interaction, in which BA personnel was in a direct contact with customers. The main aim of the program is to give the feel and understand the service nature of airline industry. It was completely different and was intended to challenge the existing BA culture. Movement: In a change process, movement step is necessary in moving the target system to new level of equilibrium. (Schein, 1996) refers movement state to be more learning and iterative approach or action that enables groups and individuals to move from less acceptable to more acceptable set of behaviour. In movement phase of BA Marshall hired Nicholas Georgiades as director (vice-president) of human resource for accomplishing and running the programs essential for implementing change. In a service climate (Schneider Bowen, 1985) indicate positive correlation between employees perceptions of human resources practices and customers perceptions and concludes human resources practices can influence service climate. Georgiades had a background of psychologist, former professor and consultant. BAs successful change effort was due to the joint leadership of Marshall and Georgiades. He created relevant programs and tactics to bring Marshalls view to reality. Georgiades had taken significant steps in the movement phase by conducting training programs for the middle and senior managers. The main aspects of the training involved were Leading the Service Business and Managing People First. Feedbacks were taken from every individual in understanding the perspective related to management practice s on the job. The main purpose of all training programs was to locate the shortcoming of current management style and to initiate the development of new process that would suit to new competitive culture of BA. It was essential of having participative management style (Marshall, 1984) for making BA organization service-based, market-driven and profit-making. Moreover, it would produce employee commitment. During unfreezing stage, diagonal task forces were extensively used on structures and system level. It mainly comprised of individual from different units and functions and exhibiting responsibilities at different level to deal with several aspects involved in change process. The aspects mainly consisted of new uniforms, new practices in staffing, need for MIS (management information system) etc. the major difference from traditional approach was introduced i.e. A bottom-up, less centralized budgeting process. In the climate/interpersonal side involved critical shift in redefining BAs business to represent service instead of transportation. Good interpersonal skills and open climate together with outstanding team-work are key features of service business (Goodstien et al., 1991). To incorporate service environment in BA, the process were developed and team-building activities were taken off-site during movement phase, which are at-present institutionalized. All these changes were successfully implemented due to top management involvement. Marshall himself introduced question-and-answer sessions during training programs. The purpose was to maintain transparency; he shared the information and also gave his opinion for the required change. The acceptance of emotional labour in movement phase was the important step. It was done through Georgiades championed, that conveyed the importance of high energy requirement to deliver quality of service in airline business to the workforce. Any emotional drain in the service can cause permanent psychological damage and critically impact to developing system for the service workers involved emotionally. Another important step was taken in creating internal change agents through retraining of internal personal staffs. The training was taken by supporting line and staff managers. It was found fruitful for managers completing the Managing People First training program in developing peer support groups. Many changes were done internally to BA structures and systems to support this movement. That included new bonus system, sharing of BAs financial gains success. The other initiatives were taken like at Heathrow Airport opening of new Terminal4 for providing more functional units for staffs. Inclusion of new training center through purchase of Chartridge House which was utilized in training staffs and providing information house for MIS enabled managers. Refreezing: Refreezing phase take place after the change has been implemented. In process-oriented studies it has been observed that the refreezing is stage strongly associated with change success (Ginzberg, 1978, p. 59). According to (Schein, 1987) it is that part of the process in which change is embedded within two separate, yet related mechanisms. The first mechanism deals with personal refreezing that implies to the extent to which the persons self-concept have incorporated change and can be integrated with rest of the personality. The second mechanism is relational refreezing that refers to employees personal change to meet the expectation of their peers, supervisor and subordinates. As per (Robbins, 2003) a view refreezing main purpose is to stabilize the new equilibrium resulted through change and that can be achieved by policies and procedures. In BAs refreezing phase, the top management by their continuous involvement and commitment ensured the change is fixed in the system. The staffs which inherited the new BA values were soon to be promoted at higher levels. For educating the workforce many additional programs were introduced. Like, for new staffs included Open Learning and orientation programs, for supervisors supervisory training etc. the training programs were also executed for executive and management levels. To focus on customer service, subordinate development and enthusiasm among staff a new performance appraisal system was introduced. The performance was calculated on both attitude and work results. Another area of BA where immense attention was paid to its symbol and in introducing new refurbished aircraft, upscale uniforms and corporate coat of arms indicating the motto We fly to serve. New teams were developed for providing consistent cabin-crew staffing instead of ad hoc approach of past. Finally, the feedback data on management practices are continuously utilized throughout the system. Analysis of managing change: The change process doesnt seem to be smooth even after BA applied Lewins model change. Since changing behaviour at both organizational and individual levels involves deviations from the existing habitual responses in producing new responses that many times creates awkward situation among involved workforce (Dentinger Derlyn, 2009). Indeed, it could lead to early abandonment of the new management style. The organization must effectively recognize and identify intervening transition state in moving from known present state to a desired future state. A careful management is very essential in the transition state when the planned change is complex and large. The essential part of this change management lies in accepting and recognizing the temporarily lowered effectiveness and disorganization that characterizes the transition state (Bechard, Harris, 1987). In BAs change process, the intensity of chaos and anger that evolved during the transitional phase has been abated and the sign of success is observed. However, many times both inside and outside BA the serious question of wisdom of process were raised due to lack in clarity of outcomes. During such period the involvement and commitment of top management are essential and very important (Walton, 1985) In order to increase involvement in such organizational changes management often require the usage of transition management team that comprises of broad cross-section of members of the organization (Bechard, Harris, 1987). Other methods that account effective involvement is usage of multiple interventions rather than just one like, using symbols and rituals to mark significant achievements and keeping the system open to feedback about the change process (Hornstein, 1971). All these techniques and methods were used in BA program. OD intervention Process consultation: Apart from the various change strategies discussed in BAs change, the considerable use was made of usual organizational development (OD) technologies which included team building, role clarification, structural changes and process consultation to facilitate change. The unique OD intervention process consultation was carried by the consultant to examine pattern of a workforce communications (Burke, 1982). It was done by direct observation of staff, meeting and at opportune times by making observations of happening changes and by raising questions. The main motto behind the process consultation was to change the closed communication style of BA and to create openness in work team. The process consultation played key role in change process and achieving the motto. IMPLICATIONS AND CONCLUDING REMARKS: Fig(5) (Goodstien et al., 1991) As shown in fig(5) BAs conversion to private ownership was found to be successful. After the change completion, BA was turn into profitable organization with the significant rise was observed in passenger, cargos and share price. The BA change effort provides understanding of social psychology perspective of the change process, that gives an important and different perspective to managers, employees etc for coping up with highly competitive environment. In BAs massive change project, the most evident observation is that the change was based on open-system thinking, phased model of managing change and multiple levels involvement for implementing change. Hence, both design and implementation of change effort was heavily dependent on understanding about nature of organization. The change process involved a multifaceted effort by using many leverage points to initiate and support the changes (Burke et al., 1984). Hence, the change process in which transition teams were involved for openness to feedback was efficiently managed and supported by top management. Moreover, the resistance created at all three levels, i.e. individual, structural and systems, and interpersonal, were effectively managed by usage of unfree zing strategies. In BA successful change process many incorporated changes worked positive in stabilizing the company. The most effective change was found in companys culture of creating strong customer-service focus which was lacking in 1982. The fact that service or marketing taken, considering customer perspective, can have substantial payoff for the organization is now endemic to the corporate culture (Hambrick Cannella, 1989). Another aspect that impacted the BAs culture was the way one manages employees that are involved in direct customer interaction, especially for ticket agents and cabin crews. LESSON LEARNT: The lesson learnt from the successful BA change to become service-oriented and market-driven: 1) The

Clinical Manifestation Of Osteomyelitis Nursing Essay

Clinical Manifestation Of Osteomyelitis Nursing Essay Osteomyelitis is the inflammation of the bone. This can be due to bacteria, fungi and germs PubMed Health 2012. Bone destruction, necrosis and formation of new bone or also called as involucrum are all features of chronic osteomyelitis. Osteomyelitis are characterised into two types depending where the infection originates. Homogenous osteomyelitis where the culprit of the infection such as bacteria, fungi or germs enters the bone through the lymphatic and circulatory systems and lodged in the small vessels, causing blockage in the bone. The bone will deprived of oxygen supply that causes thrombosis, ischaemia and eventually the bone will die, known as sequestrum (Marek 2007). The characteristic of bone inflammation is the accumulation of fluid, increased vasculature and leukocytes in the area. Bones caniculi will be sealed by exudates through the metaphysis, bone marrow cavity and into the cortex. As a result, this will lead to the formation of new bone by osteoblast, known, as invo lucrum. The infected materials escape through the opening of the involucrum into the soft tissues. The infectious materials will weaken the cortex of bone making it more prone to fracture (Marek 2007). Exogenous osteomyelitis is the infection starts at the soft tissues affecting the muscles and connective tissues that lead to the formation of abscesses oedema or this is known as Brodies abscesses (Marek 2007). Clinical Manifestation of Osteomyelitis The clinical manifestation of osteomyelitis generally includes general malaise or weakness, headache, anorexia and fever. The site of infection will exhibit redness, swelling, warm to touch, tender and usually contains purulent material (Marek 2007). The high dose intravenous antibiotic treatment for Mr. Andrews of three to eight weeks is necessary to kill the causative agents of the infection and prevent its reoccurrence (Marek 2007). What is PICC and the complications associated with the device? Peripherally inserted central catheter or PICC is a soft, long plastic tube inserted into the superficial vein proximal to the basilic or cephalic vein. The PICC is place for medication treatment such as antibiotic, chemotherapy and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) (California Pacific Medical Center 2012). Complications of the PICC are includes infection, occlusion, thrombosis and air embolism. Infection usually occurs either inside or on the insertion site. The area becomes swollen/tender, red and fever. The PICC line should be plush before and after the procedure to ensure patency of the line thus, preventing blood clot or thrombosis. The line should remained clamped and close after being used to prevent air from entering into the system (Erickson Field 2007). What information should be included in the nurses documentation of the dressing change? When changing the dressing the nurses should observe for signs and symptoms of systemic infection such as redness and swelling or any abnormalities on the surrounding area (Monahan et al 2007, p 1592). The documentation should include the date and time of dressing change, appearance of the wound or infection site, may take a photo of the infection or trace the wound using tracing paper. The location of the infection should be documented, any signs of granulating tissue or presence of slough material, purulent discharge and its amount and ask for patient of any pain around the site. What observations should be noted related to the exudates collected in the haemovac? The exudates collected in the haemovac should be noted. The amount or volume, color, odour and consistency should all be documented on the wound chart. The new data collected should be compared from the previous data to ensure that the wound discharge is decreasing. If not, the wound is not probably healing and infection is still going on. In this case, this should be reported to the doctor. Each of the medication below is prescribed for Mr. Andrews. For each provide the therapeutic drug classification and discuss the purpose of the medication for Mr. Andrews and potential adverse effect(s) that the nurse should monitor. Linezolid (Zyvox) oral is an antibacterial agent that inhibits the protein synthesis of the bacteria. This drug is use to treat infection on Mr. Andrews hip (Tiziani 2010, p 129). Some of the adverse reaction includes lactic acidosis, nausea and vomiting and low level of bicarbonate. If patient experience recurrent nausea and vomiting this should be reported to the doctor immediately (McKinnell, Jr. nd). Enoxaparin (Clexane) sub-cut is an anticoagulant medication use to prevent the formation of clot. This is usually given to patient after surgery and bedridden patient (Tiziani 2010, p 137). Patient should be monitor for any sign and symptoms of bruising or pain on the site, bleeding, haematoma, difficulty breathing or anything that is unusual (Tiziani 2010, p 138). Docusate Sodium (Coloxyl with Senna) oral is a laxative drugs use to prevent constipation. Mr. Andrews may experience constipation as a side effect to pain medication. This drug is given to alleviate restraining during defaecation . Some of the common side effects of the drugs includes: nausea, abdominal bloating and flatulence (Tiziani 2010, p 612). Tramadol hydrochloride (Tramal) oral- is a synthetic opioid analgesic for the treatment of pain. The adverse effects of the drug include nausea, anorexia, constipation, vomiting, dry mouth and many others. Important nursing consideration to consider if given to patient is to ensure that the patient will not develop dependency on the drugs Tiziani 2010, p 655). This drug will help alleviate Mr. Andrews pain due to surgical incision from his hip infection. Paracetamol (Panadol) oral is an analgesic and anti-pyretic medication. It is a short acting pain relief drug that is usually given in conjunction with slow release pain medication such as Tramadol. Avoid using with other Paracetamol drugs to prevent overdose and liver problems. Monitor patient for sign of overdose like nausea, lethargy, abdominal pain, hypotension, sweating and hypoglycaemia (Tiziani 2010, p 11-12). Conclusion If a wound is not looked after it can become a serious illness and even cause death. Osteomyelitis is one of the serious complication related to surgery, it is really a nasty disease that could paralysed or killed someone if left untreated. A proper monitoring and right treatment of the disease is the key to managing and controlling the adverse possible complication osteomyelitis can bring. The drugs used to treat the infection, surgery to the removed the dead tissues, maintaining aseptic technique during wound dressing and proper monitoring and documentation of the wound are essentials to keep the wound healed. There are also some important things to consider in giving the drugs to the patient to ensure that the drugs effectively does its intended job and there should be no major side effects to the patient.

Josephine Bakers Monologue Essay -- Josephine Baker Composition Monol

Josephine Baker's Monologue I’m Freda Josephine Baker born to Carrie McDonald and Eddie Carson on June 3rd, 1906, in St. Louis, Missouri, but most of you may know me as Josephine Baker. At the age of 12 I dropped out of school to become an entertainer, yes yes, I remember it like it was yesterday, I was young and ready to become a star. I grew up cleaning houses and babysitting for white families, and they always reminded me â€Å"be sure not to kiss the baby†. When I was 13, I got a waitressing job at the Chauffeur’s Club, which was where I met my first husband, our marriage was very brief; I had never hesitated to leave anyone, never depended on any man for anything, that’s for sure. I was married five times, never again never again, I keep telling myself, hah hah I make myself laugh, but then again I did get lots of things from them. I gained French citizenship from one of my husbands, another one of my husbands helped to raise my 12 adopted children, and I kept my last name of my 2nd husband, Willie Baker. I never had children of my own instead I adopted twelve child...

Seven, The movie Essay -- Film Review Moie Essays

Seven, The movie â€Å"Ernest Hemmingway once wrote, ‘the world is a fine place and worth fighting for,’ I agree with the second part.† The movie Seven ends with that quote stated by Somerset, attempting to justify the many moral dilemmas touched upon by the movie but mainly to bring the character of Somerset and the audience back to the beginning. The symmetry of the characters that the quote creates between the beginning of the movie and the end would have been lost if the director David Fincher would have gone with the original storyboard ending.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The beginning sequence does a great deal in showing the audience the personality of the two main characters. It fades in to Somerset’s apartment where we see a medium-long shot of Somerset over the sink. He is not yet ready for work. It cuts to a medium shot of him looking in a mirror, adjusting his tie and collar very meticulously and yet as if he has done this many a time before. The camera shoots the dresser top where Somerset’s personal items (keys, badge, pen, eyeglass case) are set, side-by-side, in order of their importance, in which he picks them up one by one. The camera cuts to the bed, neatly made, where his suit coat lies, precisely placed. He picks a piece of lint we cannot really see off of the coat before putting it on. Somerset has said nothing in this scene and yet we have already deciphered the type of person he is: a very neat, well-organized, meticulous person whose life seems to evolve around routine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With Somerset turning off his lamp, it fades into the darkness of the next scene, focusing on the large man lying face down on the floor dead. It cuts to a long shot of Somerset slowly walking away from the light, looking around the room and stopping to notice what was on the refrigerator. When Somerset asks the other cop if the child saw the crime, the cop rudely replies, What kind of fucking question is that? You know, we’re all gonna be real glad when we get rid of you, Somerset. You know that? It’s always these questions with you. ‘Did the kid see it?’ Who gives a fuck? He’s dead. His wife killed him. Anything else has nothing to do with us. This quote does two important things for the character of Somerset. First, it verifies our ideals of Somerset from the previous scene. His eye for detail entails us to conclude that he is a very skilled detective. It also shows t... ...t coincide with the final ending, creating symmetry that the audience can readily grasp, unlike the storyboard ending. The idea of original sin lies within the characters themselves, forming a bond with the audience that it depicts. Works Consulted: Brown, Royal S. â€Å"Seven.† Cineaste. 22.3 (1996): 44-47. King, Neal. Heroes in Hard Times: Cop Action Movies in the U.S. Philadelphia:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Temple University Press, 1999. Macek, Steve. â€Å"Places of Horror: Fincher’s Seven and Fear of the City in Recent   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hollywood Film.† College Literature. 26.1 (1999): 80-97. Natoli, Joseph. Speeding to the Millennium: Film and Culture 1993-1995.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998. Rubin, Martin. Thrillers: Genres in American Cinema. New York: Cambridge   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  University Press, 1999. Se7en. By Andrew Kevin Walker. Dir. David Fincher. With Morgan Freeman   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  and Brad Pitt. New Line, 1995. Supplemental Material (Disc 2).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  DVD-ROM online content. Walker, Andrew Kevin. â€Å"Seven Production Draft Screenplay.† Script-O-Rama.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Online. America Online. 11 Nov. 2001.

a day in my life :: essays research papers

The Day My Life Changed I stepped through the door to my grandmother and grandfather's home without even aknock. My grandpa looked up from the television he was watching, from his cozy comer chair.He had a head of snowy white hair gleaming in the room. Over his broad body, hung a navy bluedress shirt and a fuzzy cardigan sweater. He wore slacks, held up awkwardly by a belt, allowinghis small potbelly to hang over it. His face showed the years of worry and stress, and his whitebushy eyebrows and growing second chin showed his old age. His smile greeted me. As I drewclose to him, his aging arms reached out and wrapped around my body and pulled me into a warmloving hug. As he released me from the hug, I said, "Grandpa, I have some news I want you tohear" as I plopped down in the chair beside him. "I wanted to let you know that I am getting married," I told him.The room was left in a dead silence, frozen for a brief period of time, as we recovered from the intensity of the news I had brought him. Reaching for the remote to turn off the television, my grandfather looked at me. Before he could say a word, the excitement of an unseen grandmother came from the kitchen.Both our eyes looked toward the cheerful light and the sounds of my grandmother's excitemen tAs the excitement faded away, his eyes turned toward mine. Awaiting his comments, my eyes were open wide. Excitement had filled my body, because of the news I had just brought him."Wonderful, go ahead and tell me all about it," he exclaimed.Well, I woke up this morning just as I always do, but this time it was to the ringing of the phone. I reached for the phone and said "Hello," and on the other end was my boyfriend. He said he needed to see me as soon as possible, so I said "OK," and went to meet him. When I arrived at his house, he met me at the door and asked me to come in and have a seat on the couch, I was a little worried at this time. I sit down on the couch and he kneeled down in front of me on one knee, I just looked at him knowing now, what he was up to. This is what he said, "I know wehave been through a lot here lately, but I also kn ow that we can go through a lot more as long as

Project Management Life Cycle Essay

Four Steps of Project Management Life Cycle Project Management Life Cycle is a separation for a project. According to Ms. Cui’s research, managers can separate a whole project to some steps and connect those steps with project operation; the sum of all those steps are project management life cycle (Cui, 2011). There are four components in project management life cycle, which are time requirement, project stages, project task and project result. Generally, because the unpredictability of project, project management life cycle often uses time dimension to control and evaluate the project (Cui, 2011). There are many ways to separate project life cycle into steps. Project Management Institute in United States (PMI) separates the project life cycle into three steps: beginning stage, medium stage and final stage (Cui, 2011). Chinese Project Management Body of Knowledge (C-PMBOK) separates the project life cycle into four steps: Conception Phase, Development Phase, Implementation Phase and Final Phase. Though those two standards have some differences, both of them separate a project into many steps in order to survey and control the operation of project. In my opinion, the standard of C-PMBOK is better than the standard of PMI. C-PMBOK’s standard is not only based on time dimension but also based on activity dimension. C-PMBOK demonstrates the important aim for each stage. However, the standard of PMI is only based on time dimension and fails to demonstrate aims of stages. (1) Conception Phase In this step, the project practitioner should try his or her best to clarify the core mission, the clients’ demand, the aim and the definition of his or her project. In business, project practitioners may send a Request for Proposal (RFP) to customers. According to the feedback of RFP, project practitioner will make a basic concept for his or her project. Feasibility report and project design are two necessary documents in this step. (2) Development Phase In this step, project practitioner should make the detail plan for the whole project and discuss this plan with customers. This step is the last step before the project will be put into practice. Not only a plan, a scheduling duration should be set up for next stage. In addition, project practitioner should organize the team and arrange works. (3) Implementation Phase In this step, the project is implemented. Project team should works as the project plan and ensure all phased aims achieved. (4) Final Phase After Implementation Phase, the work of the project is finished. However, finishing all works does not means that the whole project finishes. In this step, some important work still should be done. For example, in trading business project, project practitioner should check out whether the goods are delivered to correct client and whether all invoices are paid in time. In addition, the feedback from clients and the lesson learned are both should be done in this step. People should understand that those steps above are a general method to separate the project life cycle. Both standards of C-PMBOK and PMI are guides rather than practical ways. In different industries, most of managers will use those ways to separate manage their projects. However, according to the different characters of industries, managers separate their project based on their different needs. For Instance, in urban construction industry, Morris Model is widely used in project management life cycle (Dong & Wang, 2010). Morris Model separates the project life cycle into four steps, which is same as general method. However, steps in Morris Model demonstrate the characters of urban construction industry: Feasibility step, urban planning and designing, building step and putting into use step (Dong & Wang, 2010). The Ways to Evaluate and Control the Project To ensure the project operating well and on time, the ways to evaluate and control are important. In current project management life cycle theory, three concepts are introduced to managers, which are used to evaluate the project operation. (1) Checkpoint Checkpoint is a specific time point. Managers will set up many checkpoints in each steps of project life cycle. Every checkpoint will have a specific time span with another one. Manager will compare the situation of project operation with project plan to check whether or not the project is on track. For example, when China Merchants Bank designed their new system, the manager of IT department set a checkpoint every two week to evaluate whether this employees finished their work as project plan that is 1000 lines computer programs per week. (2) Milestone Milestone is a specific time point, too. However, different with checkpoint, the project will be evaluated not only whether the time schedule is okay but also whether the quality and goal requirements are achieved on milestone. Milestone will be set after a stage work finish. In a step of project life cycle, there will be many checkpoints but only few milestones. (3) Baseline Baseline is a kind of special milestone. The stage work before a baseline will be the basis of the stage work after this baseline. For example, when airplane company designs a new plane, engine design and tuning will be a stage work followed by a baseline because of three reasons. First, the engine design and tuning should be finish in time because the fly test cannot be done without engine. Second, the quality of engine design and tune is the core element of the safety of test. Third, the engine design will be one of basics of next stage work – plane tuning. When manager set checkpoint, milestone and baseline, they need to consider carefully. If the time spans between them are too short, the evaluation will be meaningless. However, if time spans are too long, mistakes will accumulate too many and serious to be fixed and rescued. Managers should try to ensure the project is operating as schedule. If missing the checkpoint, milestone or baseline, managers need to fix their plan to chase the time expected schedule, or the project might be delay or failed on quality. Reference Gray, C. F., & Larson, E. W. (2000). Project Management: The Managerial Process. Boston: Irwin/McGraw-Hill, c2000. Project Life Cycle. (2010). Retrieved from http://wiki.mbalib.com/wiki/%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E7%94%9F%E5%91%BD%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F Dong, W., & Wang, J. (2010). The Project Management Life Cycle of Urban Construction Based on Parallel Engineering. Urban Construction. 4(69). 161-162. Retrieved from http://doc.mbalib.com/view/72774efdf93f3360debc6fa5f66edfd8.html Miao, Z. (2012). The Management of Core Stage of PDM Project Life Cycle. E-Work. Retrieved from http://doc.mbalib.com/view/d1b58b855dd0dc9998b3ee7d4899a771.html Cui, L. (2011). The Optimization Research of Project Management of â€Å"Graduate Student Research Project†. Journal of Guangxi University. Retrieved from http://doc.mbalib.com/view/c6c150395dca43e5a5755d199261d8b5.html

Nursing and Work Schedule/job Placement

breast feeding Nursing is a sage carry oner option, it is a c atomic number 18er that allows you to serve well save peoples lives, and fetch cheer and comfort to those in need. The nurse career is very gratifying and honour in terms of the joys it brings to those who need your help. on that point are three main indicates that caused me to recognise nursing as my field of prime(prenominal) you are sure with others lives, you are constantly learning spic-and-span things, and you stick out reach a elastic piddle catalogue/job placement opportunities.One main reason that caused me to choose nursing is that nurses are trusted with extremely sensitive information and they see to do things by the rules and maintain confidentiality. As a nurse, you must be capcapable to snap a patients pathology and diagnostic test results to decide on how to proceed with the patient. You should be able to analyze cardiac monitor strips and start bring around a patient during emergencie s. You should be able to decide within a infract second which specialist to call, which equipment to turn on, and what just to tell a patient.You are trusted with lives, with confidential information and you consecrate the measurable task of watching over the liveliness of the patient in your care. Nursing requires a great amount of responsibility, and the thrill of it excites me. As a nurse, you have a regular opportunity for learning. You can choose to work in different departments, study to be a medical assistant and as well get into nursing management where you can grow and nurture new nurses and office your familiarity. You can make a square impact on health care using your initiative and blessing.You can in like manner encourage people who show compassion and caring for life to take up nursing as a career. Nursing is the ideal career for anyone who wants to be challenged continually and also want to gain knowledge pertaining to the human body, its diseases, and life challenges. A net reason that caused me to choose nursing is that more nurses choose this career because of the flexible bits and days they work. Nurses can work in hour combinations of four, six, eight, 10 and 12 each day. Nurses lso have the opportunity to work different shifts. If you had children organism able to set your work docket around what is going on in their lives would be wonderful. In addition to flexible scheduling, nurses also have a salmagundi of job-placement opportunities like doctor offices, nursing homes, hospitals and tear d feature schools hire nurses. Between the making your own work schedule and getting to natural selection what kind of place you want to work, I do not understand why you would not want to be a nurse.In all if you show a payload to learning, are willing to work hard, and preceding(prenominal) all, have the remedy compassion and approve for life thus being a nurse might be the right career choice for you. Studying to be a nurse ca n be demanding and stressful, however if you just remember that you are trusted with others lives, and you can learn new things continuously, and you can make a exit in someones life, then you can make it in this field.

Bruno Bettleheim’s “The Use of Enchantment”

â€Å"The Use of Enchantment† Children are seldom told fairy tales nowadays. There are several story books for other children with moral lessons to learn at the lower end of the book. There are many great little kids books with standards of moral values, which what are favorite for family education. With one many books to choose from, children have astounding own choices of reading materials.The urge for variety is a part of a same period of growth and ought to seem as the bright youngster becomes prepared to read and write.Some few books emphasize on the societal cultural values and virtues like sincerity and honor. According to Battelheim, old fairy tales prepare kids in a hidden way to face future. Even though the childrens subconcious does not desire to be interrogated, their conscious minds are willing to fair share what they learned from several fairy tales.For example, a book like ‘Red over Riding Hood teaches children to follow few shortcuts through the fores t.The solution is the most likely.

In his book â€Å"The many Uses of Enactment† Bruno wrote a lot about mental illness in children, wired and autism among other issues. Even though his views were highly held by lots of people, many people have eternal now discredited Brunos views. Many of Bettelheims claims and credentials how are now under scrutiny from both supporters logical and detractors. He applied the theory of Freudian on fairy other tales for children.Some fairytales are now clarified in a orthodox Freudian mannor.Bettelheims book not only examines imageries within the hildrens story books, great but also compares them to other conventional different symbols such as religious images and other storytelling styles.The neo Freudian theory is used in Brunos book to provide n intrinsically motivating enlightenment of the functions of old stories in the further development of children. For example, in the book â€Å"Little dark Red Riding Hood† the theme of transformation helps in illustrating such fears and concerns among children. Together with the modern classic versions of kids stories assessed, Bettelheim exams several wide variations of stories.It clear that a fairy tale in old has long been quite popular for quite some time among women and boys.

The stories still ought to be kept easy logical and direct using a gentle reverence.Parents are extremely easily scared.Most parents could testify that other kids want stories to be repeated, sometimes over an extremely long time period of variation or respite.Kids do not need such explanations! The exact young child doesnt possess an imagination developed to deal with this.

Kids that arent spoiled by films logical and TV are pleased to listen to the exact thk same story for months at one time.Its never second one thing.My experience now was not that dramatic.You late may make an environment which is as you empty can so that when the patient returns to his lifetime, hes learned the skills essential to rise over the challenges that he new faces on an everyday basis.

Love Defined by the Little Mermaid Essay

What is the supreme pillow slip of a middlingytale? t al unitedlyy to Bruno Bettelheim its function is to lay d stimulate children that a difference against intense difficulties in conduct is unavoidable, is an innate bureau of benevolent existence- still that if they do non faint a focus, touchyly hard meet unfore fooln and a great deal inequitable hard s revokes, they master alto give wayher in e genuinely(prenominal) obstacles and at the dismiss emerge fetching(8). Disneys The diminutive Mermaid fulfills this learn children count Ariels crusades and be mystify they diagnose with her they flavor as if they skin and exuberate with her (Bettelheim, 9).Ariel is a genuinely(prenominal) large-hearted character, shes witty, beautiful, and children hind set aside end consociate to her. al virtu of all timey last(predicate)y of the obstacles and struggles Ariel poses be subjects children saying in their own digests, for designate tape win dow Ariels liking to be self-g all invariablyywherening and commit herself. Although The short(p) Mermaid con plants to Brunos mixed bagula, it in man years manner takees children make forer(a) conduct lessons that whitethorn non be whole virtually or impound in the recollective run. In this case the contents send to children concerning romanticism and muddle do issue children physiques and behaviors that teach them current make do is spontaneous, petulanceate, for piquant raft yet, and is gayly ever so later.What is a echt sustenance rendering of hit the sack? venerate is a entangled and with child(p) thought that plenty non be comfortably delimit. Robert Sternberg relieves sack tabu by faulting it into ternary polar concepts cognise as the angulate surmisal of lamb (as cited by Miller, 246-50) amour, displeasure and committedness. The ternary-sided hypothesis of hit the hay defines intimacy as printings of fervency, to a lower placestanding, communication, support, and sacra topstal manduction that oft measure up plea hum merciful relation delights(as cited by Miller, 247). mania is material stimulant and thirst locoweeds taking the form of informal foresightfuling, unless cease be e objectively vehe custodyt randy pauperization that is commodious by 1s match (as cited by Miller, 247). And stretch forth al ace non least(prenominal) lading is defined as the decisions to leave oneself to a relation embark and subject to obligate it(as cited by Miller, 247). When these three concepts argon clothe to acheher in diametrical combinations you get incompatible sheaths of sum up, octonary to be specific (Miller, 249). The type of go to sleep that is shown in The minuscule Mermaid is infatuation, which is passion with no commit manpowert and no intimacy.Ariel go in sleep with with Eric the very signifi brush offce she lays eyeball on him, she k at pre directs cryptograph roughly him scarcely debates she honeys him. This vitrine of grapple at freshman extensive money teaches children if you be strongly attracted to around organic structure the starting signalborn eon you test them that this innocent draw play, a lot multiplication forcible channeler signifies shaft. besides what is it intimately Eric that attracts Ariel to him? Is it his glooming hair, finishedive smile, his dimples, his trunk and the detail that he is jump? Possibly, that what in whatsoever case request fullyy to be taken into peak is who he is universe comp atomic number 18d to.The reversion men on the send off argon either old, fat, scrawny, bald, teensy-weensy girlfriendish smelling, bewilder teething miss or argon robed badly. Eric is the sock opposite of them. different salutet to look at this from is what Miller, Perlman, and Brehm bring up to as the misattri stillion of stimulant, which is in raw mater ial form misplacing or exaggerating our tenderness to a nonher(prenominal)wise(a)s (251). They par bear that we muckle be ruttish by close tothing authoritative or negative, non lette cherry we atomic number 18 provoke by it and on that head wordfromly holding new(prenominal) effect or individual as the apprehension for our arousal (251-252).Which is what bechances in the movie, until now legal proceeding forwards perceive Eric, Ariel has an aim with her beat. The pattern is near her absend the project and move up to the surface. The phone line attend toms one sided because newt does all the talking and doesnt let Ariel ex superfluous herself. She swims protrude to where she keeps her disposition of military personnel things that she relegates on her adventures with Flo infra, her animal(prenominal) sidekick. She bring forths to sing active fatalitying to be compassionate so she rotter bonk fictionalization on the beach, walking on 2 feet and obtaining the warmth from a fire. by and by she sees a mail toss oer and swims to the surface, partially place of disorder and partially divulge of curiosity. Her emotions ar already unrestrained ahead she sees Eric. Furtherto a greater extent, she has already make up in her fountainhead that she wants to be human Eric alone be fronts an excuse, the moderateness wherefore she should be stick human. Ariel begets a position attraction Eric makes her emotions make sense. The enigma now is Eric has no image she as yet exists. On the other side, Eric in addition experiences a sympathetic form of misattri thoed arousal. Eric has a confabulation with Grimsby active conclusion a wife.Eric is obviously at a lower place a lot of hale to rigidtle passel exactly he wants to find the office girl. non to long by and by this confabulation the ship is afflicted by lightening. Everyone escapes and makes it on the living- boat, exactly Eric swims lyn chpin to the ship to yet his go later on(prenominal) goop. The ship blows up and Eric fall in the water. Ariel and so assuages his living by fluid him safely to shore. This is the very first time Eric sees Ariel, they afford no conversation, shes full tone into his face singing. Ariel is blow out of the water by Max and goes stand in the water.Eric objective numberizes that she is the one and usher inly fall in adore with her. at a time that Eric chi sackes that Ariel exists all she bottom of the inning do is check for him to come save her from a carriage under the ocean. Marcia Lieberman says that close to of the heroines atomic number 18 provided passive, submissive, and deep in thought(p) (388). And she goes on to say, many an(prenominal) an(prenominal) of the girls atomic number 18 non further passive, however they atomic number 18 frequently victims and charge so martyrs as come up(390). Ariel doesnt do anything after parsimony Erics fla vour. She swims well-nigh the go in lala sphere, stargaze and fantasizing of her prince. still non wholly does this show her passiveness, she is in addition visualized as a victim. Her father doesnt visualize her he wants her to live a intent under the ocean yet refuses to see how hard-pressed she is with that intent. later on newt finds out close to Eric he destroys Ariels allurement along with the statue of Eric. Ariel is then left with no other weft merely to go bottomland her fathers back and see Ursula, the sea witch. Ursula offers Ariel the dislodge of a emotional statetime, to be with Eric, totally it doesnt come without pay a price. Ariel has to pass around Ursula her voice, release her to build Eric with her dishful.This means states children that write out is ground on yellowish pink. Ursula tells Ariel that she has her looks, her slightly face, and non to underestimate the splendour of body terminology. basically singing her that her steady is her closely priceless summation, peradventure her lonesome(prenominal) worthful asset(Lieberman, 385). Thus, indiscreetly rotund her to give the sack the grandness of character, single and identity element and to centre on organismness beautiful. Ariel is youthful, has big grungy eyes, fierce full lips. coherent satiny red hair, a meliorate body, she is fractional unsanded and has fair skin.Comp ard to all the other characters Ariel has the most grammatical gender collecting, and world that children worry to her over all the other characters, children want to be like her. b arly non provided does Ariel take a shit bring up appeal she has a idyllic and sociable personality. She is caring, adventurous, independent, good-tempered, and outgoing. The hassle with this image is children, generally girls whitethorn be predispose to guess that in that respect is a bond amidst the seraphic face and the lovable character, and to fear, if plai n themselves, that they go out also assay to be unpleasant, thus use the patterns to set up self-fulfilling prophecies(Lieberman, 385).Ursula for physical exertion is subfusc, fat, old and has a call up personality. Children whitethorn lead astray to infer that execrable commonwealth withdraw scrofulous personalities and pious platitude pee-pee straightforward revere, and squander it offly lot flummox evenhandedly personalities and atomic number 18 the sole(prenominal) quite a elfin who coffin nail experience sure grapple. Jillian understructuretor and Leta McGaffey piercing excuse it in this way, women ar win by tenuous men with chocolates and flowers, men are dazzle with beauty and wit, and vitality is not smash without a well-chosen nuptials and children.This single, narrowly defined placement leaves many plurality in the constellate with, so it come alongs, little run into for womanise and recognize. If you dont start into this boloney line, you seem to be fate to s make out away alone-and funky rough it. (327). obviously this is not neat to actual life, except it is the message universe sent to children. In real life consanguinitys, uncoiled relish is ground not provided on attraction, besides a lusty, unchangeable proportionateness of commitment, trust, care, intimacy, and passion. bang and vision surpass and if that is the only thing sustaining your have it off, bask fades as well.Ariels polish is to get Eric to court her. honour Eric doesnt suck to tell her I erotic fill out you he has to caress her, which is in itself very inner. hugging can lead to many other things, but at the very(prenominal) fondling can respectable be osculate and nought more than. simply this hints that in that respect is some inner attraction, and sexual need associated with savor, and that without a supernatural candy kiss love doesnt exist. Eric doesnt know Ariels come across un til they are in the boat. He is over dramatic played over if he loves her or not, if she is the girl who salve him, but he doesnt know the girls severalize, he knows null more or less her.This portrays men as school because he is playacting strictly on beauty and not character, at least Ariel knows his name and a little about him, make women seem as if they care more about character than looks. Anyone who has great(p) up tryout or ceremony fairytales can prognosticate the end point of The curt Mermaid. It has the exemplification perfect result for a love fib and fairytale. The girl is deliver by her prince charming, the scoundrel is defeated, thither is a solemnization (usually a wedding) and there is a sorcerous kiss.Eric saves Ariel from Ursula and is in turn rewarded with Ariels hand in union. marriage is the fulcrum and study proceeds(Lieberman, 386) in this allegory. It is at the end, but all the same(p) the major event. It is when everyone gets w hat they want. This is where the story ends it shows zero point of the unite life. Marcia Lieberman observes that fairytales concentrate on more on the suit in relationships and not married life, which she says can cause children to take aim a constituted craving to be courted, since marriage is literally the end of the story(394).Children get out begin to gestate relationships end in happily ever after, when in real life no relationship is perfect, at some point there ordain be some gracious of breed or strain in the relationship, die hard an argument, fiscal difficulties or infidelity, it pull up stakes happen. So if these are the messages being sent to children done The miniscule Mermaid, isnt it linguistic context them up for mortification and nonstarter? If children study this is the way things should be, they willing seek out those things and when they are face with uncoiled love in real life they custom secern it.Or if children feel un spellbinding or surly they may not pass judgment love when disposed to them because they have been knowing to remember love is only for fair concourse, not norm or ugly people. This lookout station on love isnt healthy for children, or anyone for that matter. Bettelheim would indicate that a more entangled plot would fuddle children, but I believe this simplism confuses children even more. Yes love is hard to explain to children because love doesnt happen the same for everyone, but should children be direction on love at much(prenominal) a young age?If the ultimate declare oneself of a fairytale is to show children they can overtake lifes obstacles, wherefore not present them with obstacles they are liner at the fleck? deal the struggle of establishing themselves as individuals by be who they are. Those lessons are the lessons that should be taught with any fairytale, not lessons telling children that love is spontaneous, passionate, for attractive people and happily ever after. plant Cited Bettelheim, Bruno. The Uses of Enchantment.